The martial arts of the East have firmly entered the modern life of young people and even quite mature people. Legends of cinema and martial arts played their role in this: Bruce Lee, Jackie Chan, Jet Li, Jackie Woo, Cynthia Rothrock and others. But people know little about martial arts themselves: for example, how kung fu differs from karate, taekwondo from wushu, why everyone has a different form, where they started fighting first. In this article we will talk about colored belts in karate.

Colored belts in martial arts

Colored belts represent levels of progression for students and masters of Eastern martial arts. This system was first created in the 19th century by Dr. Jigoro Kano, considered by many to be the father of modern judo. Since then, the belt system has been used by other martial arts, including taekwondo and karate.

The martial arts of China, Korea and Japan have been around for between one and two thousand years, and grading of skill with colored belts is a relatively recent innovation. Colors vary between disciplines, and even within the same discipline may differ between countries or clubs. Additionally, they may include additional levels within colors. But the symbolism of the belts remains the same in all disciplines.

Karate belts by color

In karate there were initially only three colors (20s of the last century):

1. white;
2. brown;
3. black.

And now - from 7 to 10 depending on the style. Below is a ranking of colored belts in karate in order in the most common style - Shotokan. For a beginner, it all starts with a white belt and 9th grade Kyu. In some styles, the first-time student is assigned the 10th Kyu, and there are schools where the newcomer receives the 7th Kyu. Everything is determined by the Charter adopted by the Federation of a particular style of karate within one state.

Obviously, no matter how many of these Kyu are in karate, the main thing is to keep the style pure and develop its values. Regarding belts, this is nothing more than a ranking within a certain school (dojo). The expansion of the number of colors arises from the desire of mentors to stimulate students to new achievements, to work hard and improve their quality. There is nothing wrong with giving athletes extra stimulation.

Graduation sequence

And now - the sequence of belts in karate, which should be followed in any school of the Shotokan style. Jumping over steps is not allowed. Each student or master must receive the appropriate belt color and rank strictly in order. The counting of ranks (Kyu) starts from a higher number and decreases as the athlete’s skill increases to the 1st Kyu.

Karate belts in order:

Next to the name of the category in the list above, the meaning of belts in Shotokan karate is discussed. It must be kept in mind that different styles of karate have different meanings for colors. Coincidences are also possible. The Japanese are a philosophical people.

People say that the white belts of ancient military fighters turned black with dirt over years of training, but this story is most likely made up. Belts did not appear in ancient times! But the fact that they are obtained with great difficulty: through many years of continuous training, through many liters of sweat, through the joy of victories and the disappointment of occasional defeats - all this is the absolute truth.

The serviceability of the car is a prerequisite for safe driving. One of the important parts that ensures the movement of the machine is the drive belt, which we will talk about in this material.

There are several options for drive belts, both in type and material.

A drive belt is a belt consisting of dense rubber of a special composition, which is used in cars to drive auxiliary units, which include:

• generator;
• oil pump;
• engine cooling system water pump (pump);
• power steering pump;
• fan;
• engine camshaft;
• compressor (on trucks).

When operating their car, every driver should know what drive belts are and what their purpose is. There are two types of drive belts:

1. toothed;
2. wedge

Thanks to the teeth on the working surface of the belt, it is prevented from slipping between the drive and driven pulleys, and the pulleys themselves have teeth that provide good engagement.

Toothed belts are usually used to transmit clearly defined torque.

Such belts are used in the engine timing mechanism to drive the camshaft and coolant pump (pump) of the engine cooling system.

The size of the drive belt can vary, both in length and width. This depends on the following signs:

1. directly from the width of the pulleys;
2. engine type (in-line, V-shaped);
3. the number of valves (eight, sixteen or twenty-valve), since for an eight-valve engine one camshaft is installed, and for a sixteen-valve engine two camshafts are installed, respectively, the length of the drive belt will be longer.

The price of a timing belt will depend on the fact that its original manufacturer, which produces high-quality belts with a long service life, or an analog manufacturer, where for a reduced price the car owner will either get a good replacement for a genuine belt, or will receive an additional headache that comes along with considerable costs in the event of a breakdown due to a broken belt.

V-belts are used to drive engine auxiliary units such as the oil pump, power steering pump, and so on. In this case, a rigid coupling between the pulleys is necessary, and therefore the pulleys there are ordinary. The dimensions of the V-belt depend on the number of driven units and the distance between them. V-belts are also divided into two subtypes:

1. brook (common);
2. flat belts or otherwise called poly V-belts.

Ribbed belts are already considered a thing of the past, as they are used on older models of trucks and cars, mainly to drive each auxiliary unit separately.

Ribbed drive belts are considered the most affordable.

Flat belts are used in modern cars, and often drive several auxiliary units at the same time. To drive even more units, poly V-belts can have a double working surface, which eliminates the use of a large number of belts with only one working surface.

Choosing a drive belt for your car

To choose the right drive belt, you need to take into account the make and model of the car, the type of engine, its volume, engine code and the purpose of the drive belt itself, be it, for example, a timing belt that drives the pump and camshaft of the engine's gas distribution mechanism, or a poly-V-ribbed one-way belt , driving the air conditioner.

Therefore, all of the above criteria must be taken into account so as not to make the mistake of wasting money on a belt of the wrong size and type.

Replacing the drive belt

Drive belts are a vehicle consumable, and during operation, they tend to wear out. Signs of worn drive belts include:

• completely erased tracks and protrusions of the working surface of the belt;
• worn belt teeth;
• presence of cracks on the working surface.

Do not forget to pay attention to the condition of the drive belt in a timely manner.

When a belt wears out, it slips over the pulleys, resulting in a noticeable whistling noise when it operates, especially under heavy loads. But whistling can also occur due to worn pulleys, which also allows for whistling slippage.

Worn belts lose their grip and torque transmission properties, and with severe wear they can come off the pulleys or even break into pieces. A broken power steering belt makes it difficult to rotate the steering wheel, and a broken alternator belt discharges the battery and the car may stall.

However, this is only half the problem, since the most serious consequences arise when the timing belt breaks, as a result of which in most cases the piston, going up, hits the valve that has not had time to close with such force that the valve bends. Such malfunctions lead to other types of repairs and large financial costs, which is not pleasant for the car owner, therefore, in order to prevent this, drive belts should be replaced on time.

Excessive belt wear can cause serious damage.

The service book of each car indicates at what mileage a particular drive belt needs to be changed, but it is advisable for the car owner to look under the hood from time to time and check the condition of the belts, even if they are still good according to the mileage.

In addition, the long life of the belt is ensured by the way it is tensioned. If the belt is overtightened, it will wear out faster and increase wear on the pulleys and parts of the driven auxiliary unit, and if it is loosened, it can jump off the pulleys at any time. With the development of automotive technology, there is no need to manually tension the belt. Conventional tensioners are replaced by mechanical springs that use elastic force and hydraulic ones that tension the belt using oil pumped into the tensioner channels by an oil pump from the engine lubrication system. And the newest cars are equipped with hydraulic belt tensioners with a sensor and a valve that regulates the tension of the drive belt depending on the load and engine speed.

Replacing the drive belt, and especially the timing belt, is quite a responsible job that requires appropriate knowledge and experience, since if the same valve timing cycle is disrupted, the engine valves can be bent.

It is best to go to a car service station, where experienced workers will do everything quickly, efficiently and without causing any unpleasant consequences.

You will learn about the procedure for replacing the timing belt in the video:

Conclusion

In conclusion, we can say that for the correct operation of the engine and its auxiliary units, it is necessary to promptly replace drive belts of the required type and size, install and tension them correctly. It is also important to operate them correctly - without overloading the engine.

It is advisable to choose drive belts only from the original manufacturer. In very rare cases, you may come across a cheap substitute of good quality, so it’s better not to risk it. The original drive belt may cost more, but after replacement you can forget about it for a long time, without fear that at any moment it will break or deteriorate ahead of its time.

The back belt helps reduce the load on the lower back and is used as a preventive measure against attacks of radiculitis and osteochondrosis. The supportive functions of the belt help the intervertebral discs to release pressure from the vertebrae and regenerate naturally.

Let's consider one of the most popular models - a corset with a warming effect. This belt helps fight radiculitis, myositis, and is also effective in rehabilitation after certain types of lumbosacral injuries. Considering the warming effect, it can be used to prevent various diseases of the spine. Suitable for people who experience heavy loads on the back, with complications due to exposure to low temperatures and neuralgia.

A belt made of sheep wool also has warming properties. The material of the belt is sheep wool and therefore the product has a pronounced warming effect. In addition, it is soft and pleasant to the touch.

The belt is made of high quality synthetic materials. The base material is caprovelour, an elastic and soft fabric. Equipped with a honey tie tape. elastic with Velcro fastener. The belt is recommended to be worn when internal organs prolapse (the result of various injuries, after a sharp weight loss) and for persons whose duty involves regularly lifting heavy objects.

The effectiveness of Angora wool in the fight against radiculitis and other diseases of the spine caused by both injuries and exposure to low temperatures has long been proven. made using Angora wool - one of the warmest and most comfortable materials. It has a warming effect on the lumbar region. It is recommended for exacerbation of radiculitis. Fosta F 5630 helps people exposed to static and dynamic loads due to their occupation

It is also worth mentioning, which provides dosed fixation and unloading of the lumbar spine. It has a micromassage and active thermal effect. It is recommended for people whose occupation involves stress on the spine and vibrations (drivers, motorcyclists, loaders, athletes), for the prevention of complications and neurological disorders. This belt has a special surface with tourmaline fiber, which promotes warming up the body. Tourmaline microparticles release a stream of negatively charged ions, while simultaneously increasing the temperature of the surrounding space. A belt equipped with tourmaline fibers helps fight fatigue and rheumatic symptoms, inflammatory processes and eczema, neuralgia and back diseases.

When wearing this belt, long-wave infrared radiation is released due to the influence of tourmaline. The human body itself is a source of energy that supplies tourmaline with the necessary charge, and it accumulates heat and helps warm painful areas of the body. Within 10-15 minutes, the temperature in the belt area increases significantly, and with longer wearing, a burning sensation may even occur.

What thing do you think can turn a faded and inconspicuous outfit into a bright and memorable image in one second?! Yes, these are women's belts and belts: wide and narrow, in the form of an elastic band or in the form of a corset, a sash or a bow, leather or handmade with stones and crystals.

So much material for creativity and creating a unique and inimitable appearance! Today we will talk about an important women's accessory - a belt and the main types of women's belts, each of which is beautiful in its own way and has its own area of ​​application.

In 2014, shapeless, baggy clothes were in fashion, in which the female silhouette was not captured at all. And emphasizing the waistline became fashionable again, and belts with belts became in demand again, although personally I always wore belts, regardless of capricious fashion trends.

At the same time, the designers did not settle on any particular model. You are allowed to wear completely different types of belts, you just need to know what to wear with it and for what occasion it is worn.

Before starting my review, I want to say that the strap can easily change the appearance both in a good way and expose the flaws of the owner’s figure. It is better to have many different belts in your wardrobe, differing not only in color, but also in width and texture.

There should be a lot of belts. We can say that a woman should have as many belts as men have ties. Similar to a tie, the same women's belt or belt can be combined with different clothes. And different types and colors of belts are worn with a certain type of clothing.

Beautiful women's leather belt and belt

Classic models of belts made of high-quality leather will never go out of fashion, not only because they are very practical and versatile, but perhaps also because many of our women simply do not dare to put on something bright, extravagant and bright, or, without knowing how correctly combine different types, are afraid of seeming ridiculous, or simply don’t think about the fact that there are other interesting models. However, regular belts also accentuate your figure and complement your look.

I also have a couple of belts “for all occasions” in my wardrobe and I think that’s right. You never know where you’ll come across a cool item, and you can’t immediately buy a belt to go with it. Leather belts for women can be the simplest without decorations and with a laconic buckle; usually such belts are worn with trousers or jeans. They are made from both ordinary pigskin and exotic types of leather, for example, a women's belt made of snakeskin looks impressive. But they also cost several times more. Leather belts can simply be woven, rather than consisting of a single piece.

There are also beautiful women's leather belts with a massive buckle or decorations, for example, a wide belt with rhinestones or with patterns and embroidery. Usually they are worn if they want to show off the beauty of their belt at a club party. They can be made from soft snakeskin or rough bovine leather to keep their shape.

A women's belt made of genuine leather or suede can be of different widths:

• wide
• medium width
• narrow and thin

What to wear with a fashion accessory - a wide leather belt

What is another name for wide waist belts? They have many names - sash, corset, corsage and even cummerbund. Wide leather belts are gaining popularity, which are gradually transforming into corsets with two buckles, but more on them later. The beauty of wide belts is that they highlight the waistline well, making it thinner, and also visually lengthening the legs.

They go very beautifully with various dresses, high-waisted skirts, jeans and fur. But be careful! If you are overweight, then ask: “Does a wide belt go full?” Unfortunately, a wide belt will make its owner look even fatter.

E If you really love leather and leather products, then you will like the article . In it you will find photographs of fashionable looks and tips on choosing shoes and accessories. .

What to wear with a narrow and medium-width belt?

Leather belts of classic width can be combined with any clothing: from street and business to evening. Also, thin straps can be combined with almost everything and have no restrictions. They can be worn with skirts, dresses, over blouses, shorts and trousers. Choose the colors that best match your clothes and don’t limit yourself to just black or white. Actively use any colors: blue, beige, red, and even marsh color with gray. Such belts favorably emphasize the waist.

Narrow leather belts are in perfect harmony with women's knitted sweaters and knitted dresses, as well as outerwear: fur coats, coats, raincoats. They can be worn cinched or just resting on your hips, or you can wear multiple straps at once. For overweight women, I recommend using narrow straps if the outfit requires it. Below in the photo you can see some models of beautiful belts and sashes.

Bow on the belt (5 photos)

A bow belt will add femininity and sophistication to the look. It looks very beautiful on evening and boiler dresses, but a bow on the belt can also be found in everyday wear. By the way, a black bow on a red sexy dress or a white bow on the belt of a black little dress will look elegant. I wrote about the power of red dresses and what they can be combined with in the article

A bow on a satin ribbon belt always looks chic. You can even sew it yourself. This is not difficult, especially since I will soon publish an article on this topic. There will be different options, patterns and patterns. By the way, you can wear a bow on your belt not only with a dress. In the photo below you see how harmonious and feminine trousers with a bow in the form of a belt look.

Women's extra wide belts - corsets

A corset belt or corsage is created specifically for true fashionistas. Such a serious accessory will definitely attract attention with its size, and will also make your waist visually thinner and slimmer. With a leather corset belt you will look more extravagant and very sexy. In addition, it will make your breasts more voluminous, visually of course. Look at the photo how seductively the corset belt cinches your waist.