For old age insurance pension they have:

• • men who have reached the age of 60, and women who have reached the age of 55.

WITH An old-age pension is assigned if:

1. 1. at least 15 years of insurance experience(Pthe length of the insurance period required to assign an old-age insurance pension in 2015 is six years);
   2. the value of the individual pension coefficient (IPC) in the amount of at least 30 (withJanuary 1, 2015 - if there is an IPC value of at least 6.6, followed by an annual increase of 2.4 until the individual pension coefficient reaches 30).

Federal Law No. 400-FZ of December 28, 2013 “On Insurance Pensions” (Article 30 of the Federal Law) preserves the right to early assignment of an old-age insurance pension if there is an individual pension coefficient of at least 30 for persons who worked:

Important! Please keep in mind that:

• Each case is unique and individual.
• A thorough study of the issue does not always guarantee a positive outcome. It depends on many factors.

To get the most detailed advice on your issue, you just need to choose any of the options offered:

1. 1. in special working conditions (Article 30, Article 31);
   2. in special natural and climatic conditions (subparagraph 2, paragraph 1, paragraphs 6, 7, article 32), as well as
   3. separate categories (Article 32).

Special working conditions

Special working conditions include work:

1. in underground work, in work with hazardous working conditions and in hot shops;
2. at work with difficult working conditions;
3. as tractor drivers in agriculture and other sectors of the economy, as well as drivers of construction, road and loading and unloading machines (women);
4. in the textile industry in work with increased intensity and severity (women);
5. as working locomotive crews and workers of certain categories who directly organize transportation and ensure traffic safety on railway transport and the subway, as well as as truck drivers directly in the technological process in mines, open-pit mines, mines or ore quarries for the removal of coal, shale , ores, rocks;
6. in expeditions, parties, detachments, on sites and in teams directly on field geological exploration, search, topographic and geodetic, geophysical, hydrographic, hydrological, forest management and survey work;
7. in logging and timber rafting, including maintenance of machinery and equipment;
8. as machine operators (docker-mechanizers) of complex teams during loading and unloading operations in ports;
9. as sailors on ships of the sea, river fleet and fishing industry fleet (with the exception of port ships constantly operating in the port water area, service and auxiliary and traveling ships, suburban and intracity traffic vessels);
10. as drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams on regular city passenger routes for at least 20 years and 15 years, respectively, and have an insurance record of at least 25 years and 20 years, respectively;
11. full-time work in underground and open-pit mining (including mine rescue personnel) in the extraction of coal, shale, ore and other minerals and in the construction of mines and mines;
12. on vessels of the marine fleet of the fishing industry for work on the extraction, processing of fish and seafood, acceptance of finished products in the fishery (regardless of the nature of the work performed), as well as on certain types of vessels of the sea, river fleet and fishing industry fleet;
13. in civil aviation flight personnel;
14. for direct control of civil aviation flights;
15. in the engineering and technical staff for direct maintenance of civil aviation aircraft;
16. as rescuers in professional emergency rescue services, professional emergency rescue units of the Ministry of Emergency Situations;
17. c as workers and employees of institutions serving in the form of imprisonment;
18. in positions of the State Fire Service (fire protection, fire-fighting and emergency rescue services) of the Ministry of Emergency Situations;
19. on the implementation of pedagogical activities in institutions for children, regardless of their age;
20. on medical and other activities to protect public health in health care institutions;
21. to carry out creative activities on stage in theaters or theatrical and entertainment organizations.

Lists of relevant jobs, industries, professions, positions, specialties and institutions (organizations), taking into account which an old-age insurance pension is assigned early,as well as the rules for calculating periods of work (activity) and assigning the specified pension, installed Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 16, 2014 N 665"On the lists of jobs, industries, professions, positions, specialties and institutions (organizations), taking into account which an old-age insurance pension is assigned early, and the rules for calculating periods of work (activity) giving the right to early pension provision."

Grounds for granting early old-age insurance pension

The right to early pensions is granted only to persons who have:

1. 1. special insurance period of required duration by the time of reaching the legal age;
   2. established by law the value of the individual pension coefficient(at least 30).

Insurance experience is the total duration of periods of work and (or) other activities for which insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation were calculated and paid, as well as other periods counted towards the insurance period, taken into account when determining the right to an insurance pension and its amount.

Individual pension coefficient is a parameter reflecting in relative units the pension rights of the insured person to an insurance pension, formed taking into account the insurance contributions for the insurance pension accrued and paid to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, intended for its financing, the duration of the insurance period, as well as refusal for a certain period from receiving an insurance pension.

As before, it is possible to receive a pension with incomplete special insurance coverage and a reduction in the normal retirement age. Thus, if you have at least half of the special experience in underground work, work with hazardous working conditions and in hot shops and the duration of the general insurance experience is 20 years for men and 15 years for women, a labor pension is assigned with a decrease in the usual retirement age by one year for each a year of such work.

Most of the grounds for early pension provision specified in Art. 30, applies to both men and women. The only exceptions are sub. 3 and 4 of paragraph 1, concerning only women and paragraph 11, since female labor is not used in underground and open-pit mining. Special experience, as a rule, makes up half of the total insurance experience. The age for women is in all cases five years lower than for men.

The new federal law “On Insurance Pensions” has made significant changes to the procedure for the formation and calculation of the insurance part of the pension, introducing the so-called individual coefficient, which is also taken into account when assigning a labor pension early. However, your work experience before 2019 will not disappear; it will also be taken into account when you retire. Moreover, it is possible to apply the calculation rules that were in effect previously.

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Basic Concepts

This article is devoted to considering the relationship between legislative innovations and previous requirements for the early assignment of a pension.

What it is

As a general rule, old-age retirement depends on the combination of the following three conditions:

• reaching the required age (men - sixty years and women - fifty-five);
• insurance period (depending on the period of payment of insurance premiums by the employer). For those retiring this year, this period of service must be at least six years. It is planned that in nine years (by 2024) the duration of the insurance period will be 15 years or more:
• individual pension coefficient (IPC), mentioned above and introduction
  which is a novelty of legislation. Employers annually pay insurance contributions to the Pension Fund for their employees. According to innovations in legislation, this money is converted into points. These points are reflected by the individual coefficient. The IPC in 2019 will be 6.6. And in the future it will increase every year by 2.4. Maximum size – 30.

There are many cases when employees of organizations “go” to old age pension before reaching the above age.

Persons whose work takes place in difficult conditions or in the presence of harmful factors unfavorable to the body have the right to early assignment of an old-age labor pension.

Such work can lead to partial or complete loss of professional ability to work.

Therefore, the period of work is limited and is called the required length of service (i.e., time spent working in hazardous industries, in the Far North, in schools and hospitals, etc.).

This indicator is a necessary condition for receiving an early insurance pension.

Articles 30, 31 of the Federal Law determine the types of work that ensure the right to early retirement. However, this issue is specified in more detail in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation.

Who should

The list of positions and institutions from which you can retire early is quite large. Let's look at some types of work.

Examples of types of work that will require compliance with all three conditions (age, length of service, special experience). Since 2019, the IPC is required for all categories.

Work associated with difficult working conditions:

• labor of locomotive maintenance teams;
• on railway transport and metro;
• work in expeditions, geological exploration parties;
• labor of loggers, etc.

Certain requirements are established for the listed employees:

City transport drivers (trams, buses or trolleybuses):

And now examples of work that will require not complete, but only selective compliance with the conditions:

1. Women workers in the textile industry are entitled to a pension as soon as they turn 50, but they must have 20 years of experience in their specialty. The total insurance period does not matter.
2. Teaching staff have the right to retire after working in their specialty for 25 years. There are no requirements for age or insurance coverage.
3. Medical workers who work in healthcare institutions can retire early after working for 25 years in rural areas or 30 years in cities. Like teachers, doctors only need the necessary experience. Age and overall experience do not matter.
4. Persons with creative professions who perform on stage in theaters. For workers in this category, the insurance period does not matter, but the age of early retirement (50 - 55 years) and professional experience (15 - 30 years) are taken into account.

Some citizens are entitled to early retirement depending on completely different conditions. So, for example, a pension may be assigned in connection with:

The legislative framework

From January 1, 2019, the rules for assigning and paying pensions are regulated by the following Federal laws:

Its provisions can only be applied to calculate the insurance part of the pension for the period of work before January 1, 2019.

All adopted legislative acts are developed in order to implement the Strategy for the long-term development of the pension system of the Russian Federation, approved

It is planned that, thanks to the implementation of the Strategy, the average size of the old-age labor pension will be 2.5 - 3 times the subsistence level of a pensioner.

Some acts of the Government of the Russian Federation continue to act:

1. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 29, 2002 No. 781
   “On the lists of jobs, professions, positions, specialties and institutions, taking into account which an old-age labor pension is assigned early in accordance with Article 27 of the Federal Law “On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation”.
2. “On approval of the rules for calculating periods of work giving the right to early assignment of an old-age labor pension in accordance with Article 27 of the Federal Law “On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation”

Assignment Rules

For the early assignment of an insurance pension, the main indicator will be the special length of service.

Therefore, it is necessary to know which periods, in addition to the main job, are included in the length of service that gives the right to an early pension:

• periods of temporary incapacity,
• annual (main and additional) vacations;
• probationary period when hiring (it does not matter whether the employee passed it or not);
• forced absenteeism due to illegal dismissal (if the employee is reinstated);
• study leaves;
• refresher courses. At this time, the average salary is maintained, which means that the employer makes pension contributions.

Important! Parental leave does not count towards this length of service!
But the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation made a small amendment - so, if care leave began before October 6, 1992, then it will be included in the length of service giving the right to early retirement.

The right to early assignment of a labor pension (harmful working conditions)

Articles 27 and 28 of the previous Law deal with issues of early retirement.

This right is granted to teaching and medical workers, persons associated with harmful and difficult working conditions, civil servants, employees of railway transport, the textile industry, etc.

Article 30 of the new law “On Insurance Pensions” is called “Reservation of the right to early assignment of an insurance pension” and almost exactly repeats the cases of early retirement listed in Article 27 of the previous law.

The innovation is that it is now mandatory to have an IPC of at least 30.

According to the general rule established by Art. 7 of the Federal Law of December 17, 2001 N 167-FZ “On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation” (hereinafter referred to as Law N 173-FZ), men who have reached the age of 60 years and women who have reached 55 years have the right to an old-age labor pension. Such a pension is assigned if there are at least five years of insurance experience. But in some cases, a citizen has the right to receive a pension before reaching the established age. Who has the right to retire early? What are the conditions for granting a pension to persons working in the Far North? What documents must be submitted to the pension fund to assign a pension? Read about this in the article.

Who is entitled to a labor pension?

To receive a labor pension, a citizen must meet several conditions: - have Russian citizenship (foreigners can receive a labor pension only if they permanently reside in Russia);

— be insured in accordance with the Federal Law of December 15, 2001 N 167-FZ “On Compulsory Pension Insurance in the Russian Federation”;

- reach a certain age (men - 60 years, women - 55 years);

- have at least five years of insurance experience.

With age, everything becomes clear, but what is meant by insurance experience? For clarification, please refer to Art. 2 of Law N 173-FZ, according to which the insurance period is understood as the total duration of periods of work and (or) other activities taken into account when determining the right to a labor pension, during which insurance contributions were paid to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, as well as other periods counted in insurance experience. Other periods included in the insurance period are determined by Art. 10 and 11 of Law No. 173-FZ, including time:

— military service, as well as other service equivalent to it;

— receiving compulsory social insurance benefits during a period of temporary disability;

- care of one of the parents for each child until he reaches the age of one and a half years, but not more than three years in total;

— receiving unemployment benefits, participating in paid public works and moving in the direction of the state employment service to another area for employment;

- care provided by an able-bodied person for a disabled person of group I, a disabled child or a person who has reached the age of 80 years;

- the period of residence of spouses of military personnel performing military service under a contract, together with their spouses, in areas where they could not work due to lack of employment opportunities, but not more than five years in total.

The specified periods are counted towards the insurance period if they were preceded and (or) followed by periods of work or other activities on the territory of the Russian Federation or abroad by citizens of the Russian Federation, provided that insurance contributions were paid to the Pension Fund for these periods. The calculation of the insurance period required to acquire the right to a labor pension is carried out on a calendar basis. The rules for calculating and confirming insurance experience, including on the basis of witness testimony, are established by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 24, 2002 N 555.

Who can retire early?

An old-age labor pension is assigned before the following persons reach age (Article 27 of Law No. 173-FZ):

1. Men upon reaching the age of 55 and women upon reaching 50 years, if they have worked:

- in jobs with difficult working conditions, respectively, at least 12 years 6 months and 10 years and have an insurance record of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively. If these persons have worked in these jobs for at least half of the established period and have the required length of insurance service, they are assigned a labor pension with an age reduction of one year for every 2 years 6 months of such work for men and for every 2 years for women;

- in expeditions, parties, detachments, on sites and in teams directly on field geological exploration, prospecting, topographic-geodetic, geophysical, hydrographic, hydrological, forest management and survey work, respectively, for at least 12 years, 6 months and 10 years and have insurance experience at least 25 and 20 years, respectively;

- as workers, foremen (including senior ones) directly at logging and timber rafting, including maintenance of mechanisms and equipment, respectively, for at least 12 years 6 months and 10 years and have an insurance experience of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively;

- at least 20 and 15 years, respectively, as machine operators (docker-mechanizers) of complex crews during loading and unloading operations in ports and have an insurance record of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively:

- respectively, at least 12 years 6 months and 10 years as a crew member on ships of the sea, river fleet and fishing industry fleet (with the exception of port ships constantly operating in the port water area, service and auxiliary and traveling ships, suburban and intracity transport ships) and have insurance experience of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively;

- as drivers of buses, trolleybuses, trams on regular city passenger routes for at least 20 and 15 years, respectively, and have an insurance record of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively;

- at work with convicts as workers and employees of institutions executing criminal penalties in the form of imprisonment, respectively, for at least 15 and 10 years and have an insurance record of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively;

- have worked in direct control of civil aviation flights, respectively, for at least 12 years 6 months and at least 10 years and have an insurance record of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively;

— in the engineering and technical staff working on direct maintenance of civil aviation aircraft, respectively, for at least 20 and 15 years and have insurance experience in civil aviation for at least 25 and 20 years, respectively;

- respectively, at least 12 years 6 months and 10 years as locomotive crew workers and workers of certain categories directly organizing transportation and ensuring traffic safety on railway transport and the subway, as well as as truck drivers directly in the technological process in mines and open-pit mines , in mines or ore quarries for the removal of coal, shale, ore, rock, and have an insurance record of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively.

2. Women upon reaching the age of 50, if they have worked:

— as tractor drivers in agriculture and other sectors of the economy, drivers of construction, road and loading and unloading machines for at least 15 years and have an insurance record of at least 20 years;

- at least 20 years in the textile industry in work with increased intensity and severity.

3. Men upon reaching the age of 50 years and women upon reaching the age of 45 years, if they have worked, respectively, for at least 10 years and 7 years 6 months in underground work, in work with hazardous working conditions and in hot shops and have an insurance record of at least 20 and 15 years old. If these persons have worked in the listed jobs for at least half of the period established above and have the required length of insurance service, they are assigned a labor pension with a decrease in age established by Art. 7 of Law N 173-FZ, for one year for each full year of such work.

4. Persons directly employed full-time in underground and open-pit mining (including personnel of mine rescue units) in the extraction of coal, shale, ore and other minerals and in the construction of mines and mines, regardless of age, if they worked in the specified work at least 25 years, and for workers of leading professions (longwall miners, drifters, jackhammer operators, mining machine operators), if they have worked in such work for at least 20 years.

5. Men and women who have worked, respectively, for at least 25 and 20 years on ships of the marine fishing industry in the production, processing of fish and seafood, receiving finished products in the fishery (regardless of the nature of the work performed), as well as on certain types of sea vessels , river fleet and fishing industry fleet.

6. Men who have worked for at least 25 years and women who have worked for at least 20 years as civil aviation flight personnel, and when leaving flight work for health reasons - men who have worked for at least 20 years and women who have worked for at least 15 years in the specified composition of civil aviation.

7. Persons who have worked for at least 15 years as rescuers in professional emergency rescue services, professional emergency rescue units of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and participated in the liquidation of emergency situations, upon reaching the age of 40 years or regardless of age.

8. Men and women upon reaching the age of 50, if they have worked for at least 25 years in the positions of the State Fire Service (fire protection, fire protection and emergency rescue services) of the Ministry of Emergency Situations.

Note!Lists of relevant jobs, industries, professions, positions, specialties and institutions (organizations), taking into account which an old-age labor pension is assigned, and the rules for calculating periods of work (activity) and assigning said pension are approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation N 537.

9. Persons who have been teaching in institutions for children for at least 25 years, regardless of their age.

10. Persons who have carried out medical and other activities to protect public health in health care institutions for at least 25 years in rural areas and urban-type settlements and at least 30 years in cities, rural areas and urban-type settlements, or only in cities, regardless of their age .

11. Persons who have carried out creative activities on stage in theaters or theatrical and entertainment organizations (depending on the nature of such activities) are at least 15-30 years old and have reached the age of 50-55 years or regardless of age.

Note.For citizens who worked both in the Far North and in equivalent areas, a labor pension is established for 15 calendar years of work in the Far North. Moreover, each calendar year of work in areas equated to the regions of the Far North is counted as nine months of work in such areas.

- women who have given birth to five or more children and raised them until they reach 8 years of age, upon reaching the age of 50 years, with at least 15 years of insurance experience;

- one of the parents of disabled people from childhood, who raised them until they reach the age of 8 years: for men upon reaching the age of 55 years, for women upon reaching 50 years old, if they have an insurance period of at least 20 and 15 years, respectively;

- guardians of disabled people from childhood or persons who were guardians of disabled people from childhood, raising them until they reached the age of 8 years, an old-age labor pension is assigned with a decrease in the age provided for in Art. 7 of Law N 173-FZ, for one year for every 1 year and 6 months of guardianship, but not more than 5 years in total, if they have an insurance experience of at least 20 and 15 years, respectively, men and women;

- women who have given birth to two or more children, upon reaching the age of 50, if they have an insurance record of at least 20 years and have worked for at least 12 calendar years in the Far North or at least 17 calendar years in equivalent areas;

- citizens suffering from pituitary dwarfism (midgets) and disproportionate dwarfs: men upon reaching the age of 45 years and women upon reaching the age of 40 years, if they have an insurance period of at least 20 and 15 years, respectively;

- men upon reaching the age of 55 years and women upon reaching the age of 50 years, if they have worked for at least 15 calendar years in the Far North or at least 20 calendar years in equivalent areas and have an insurance record of at least 25 and 20 years, respectively;

- men upon reaching the age of 50 years, women upon reaching the age of 45 years, permanently residing in the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas, who have worked, respectively, for at least 25 and 20 years as reindeer herders, fishermen, and commercial hunters;

- disabled people due to military trauma - men upon reaching the age of 55 years and women upon reaching the age of 50 years;

- visually impaired people with disability group I - men upon reaching the age of 50 years and women upon reaching the age of 40 years.

As we can see, retirement on preferential terms in most cases is accompanied by conditions for the presence of an insurance period of a specified duration and varies depending on the gender of the persons applying for an old-age retirement pension.

What documents must be submitted to the Pension Fund for the assignment of a retirement pension early?

Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation and the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation dated February 27, 2002 N 16/19pa (as amended on March 12, 2010) approved the list of documents required to establish a labor pension and a state pension. In accordance with paragraph 2 of this list, in order to establish a labor pension, a citizen must submit an application to the territorial branch of the Pension Fund. The following documents are attached to this application:

— identification, age, place of residence, citizenship;

— about insurance experience;

- about average monthly earnings for 2000-2001 or 60 consecutive months until January 1, 2002 during working life;

— confirming experience in the relevant types of work (clause 1 of article 27, clause 1 of article 27.1 and clause 13 of clause 1 of article 28 of Law N 173-FZ);

— about the birth of a child (clauses 1, 2, clause 1, article 28 of Law No. 173-FZ);

— about raising a child up to 8 years of age;

— confirming that the child was recognized as disabled since childhood or as a disabled child;

— confirming family relations with a disabled person since childhood;

— confirming that the other parent is not a recipient of the old-age labor pension established for the same child (clause 1, clause 1, article 28 of Law No. 173-FZ);

— identifying the identity and powers of the guardian;

- recognition as disabled due to military injury;

- on recognition as a visually impaired person with disability group I;

— about the presence of the disease (citizens suffering from pituitary dwarfism (midgets), and disproportionate dwarfs);

— about work in the Far North and similar areas.

As a document confirming the identity, age and citizenship of the person to whom the pension is established, the passport of this person is presented. To verify the identity and age of soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen undergoing military service upon conscription, a military ID is presented.

A document certifying the age and citizenship of minors under 14 years of age is a birth or adoption certificate, as well as other documents confirming their citizenship of the Russian Federation.

To confirm the place of residence, a citizen who applies for an early pension must present a passport (certificate of registration of residence on the territory of the Russian Federation, issued by the registration authorities of the Russian Federation).

Conditions for granting early pensions to persons working in the North

The assignment and payment of pensions to employees working in the Far North and equivalent areas are regulated not only by Law No. 173-FZ, but also by Federal Law of December 15, 2001 No. 166-FZ “On State Pension Provision in the Russian Federation”, the Law of the Russian Federation dated 02/19/1993 N 4520-1 “On state guarantees and compensation for persons working and living in the Far North and equivalent territories.”

For citizens who worked both in the Far North and in equivalent areas, a labor pension is established for 15 calendar years of work in the Far North. Moreover, each calendar year of work in areas equated to the regions of the Far North is counted as nine months of work in such areas. Citizens who have worked in the Far North for at least 7 years and 6 months are granted a labor pension with an age reduction of 4 months for each full calendar year of work in these areas.

For persons who, as of January 1, 2002, living outside the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas, as well as outside the territory of Russia, an increased ratio of average monthly earnings to the average salary in the Russian Federation is determined on the basis of information on earnings for periods, namely: for 2000 -2001 or for any 60 consecutive months before 01/01/2002, including periods of work in the Far North and equivalent areas. The composition of earnings attributable to these periods must include payments according to the regional coefficient for periods of work in the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas lasting at least one full month.

Is working on a rotational basis included in the length of service that gives the right to an early pension? Currently, the answer to this question is contained in paragraph. 2 clause 8 of the Rules for calculating periods of work giving the right to early assignment of an old-age labor pension, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 11, 2002 N 516.

According to the specified rules, periods of work on a rotational basis in the regions of the Far North and places equivalent to them, with the early assignment of an old-age pension in accordance with paragraphs. 6 clause 1 art. 28 of Law N 173-FZ are calculated in calendar order, including:

— working hours directly on site;

— time between shifts for rest in the rotational camp;

— travel time from the employer’s location or from the collection point to the place of work and back.

Thus, as before, periods of inter-shift time are not included in the length of service in the regions of the Far North and places equivalent to them, even in cases where the employee permanently resides in these regions and localities.

The time spent working on a rotational basis in the regions of the Far North and localities equivalent to them must be counted toward the specified length of service in calendar order on the basis of documents containing information about periods of work and travel time from the collection point to the place of work and back.

Content

Working all their lives, people hope to receive a decent salary in old age. According to Russian law, all citizens have the right to pension payments from the state. Since everyone’s working conditions are different, the size of the pension varies depending on the profession and length of service. Some specialties additionally provide the opportunity for early retirement, and you can take advantage of this opportunity for a number of reasons.

What is early retirement?

Russians acquire the right to take a well-deserved rest for various reasons, including at their own request. Some categories of citizens, due to their professional activities and social factors, according to the law, have the right to go on vacation earlier than the general deadlines established by law:

• at the age of 60 – for men;
• upon reaching the 55th birthday - for women.

Preferential (early) pension is a monetary allowance that can be paid to a person who has not reached the generally established retirement age, but who has a legally designated work experience in a specific specialty or a certain social status. To assign payments, certain requirements must be met:

• Professional activity. A person has the right to early retirement if he works in dangerous or difficult conditions and his work may pose a particular danger to health and life.
• Special territorial conditions. Citizens who work in the Far North or other territories that are traditionally equated with them will retire early.
• Social. The right to early pension provision under the law is granted to people who have a certain social status. These include mothers with many children, residents of the Far North, leading a traditional lifestyle, disabled people, and dwarfs.

Legal regulation

Russian pension legislation is constantly being transformed in order to become more perfect and, if possible, take into account the needs of all groups of the population, regardless of gender and age. At the federal and regional levels, various regulatory and legal acts are adopted, the action of which is aimed at improving the lives and increasing the well-being of people who have retired, and the rules for indexing allowances. Among the main documents it is worth highlighting:

• Constitution of the Russian Federation.
• Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
• Federal Law No. 400-FZ.
• Federal Law No. 166-FZ.
• Law 1032-1.
• Federal Law No. 173-FZ.
• Federal Law No. 167-FZ.

The above list is not exhaustive, since preferential retirement is associated with various circumstances that must be taken into account when granting a person the right to a benefit. Additionally, it is necessary to take into account recommendations and instructions issued by ministries and departments, as well as regulations that provide privileges to pensioners of a certain constituent entity of Russia.

General requirements for the purpose of payment

Early retirement requires the fulfillment of a number of conditions:

• Age. Russian legislation, in contrast to the practice used in other countries, establishes a differentiated retirement age for men (60 years) and women (55 years). Representatives of certain professions and categories of citizens have the right to receive pensions of previously specified values.
• Insurance experience. A certain number of years, established by law, during which insurance premiums were to be deducted from the employee’s earnings by the employer. According to the latest changes, the value will increase in one-year increments until it reaches 15 by 2024. In 2018, the minimum insurance period is 9 years.
• Labor. The time during which a person worked under an employment or civil contract. This takes into account the time spent in military service, being on sick leave, the period of being registered with the Employment Service, and parental leave until the child reaches the age of one and a half years.
• Special - based on length of service in certain professions and positions, which is necessary for granting early retirement in 2018.
• Individual pension coefficient. A value that directly affects the size of the payment received. When transferring contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the amount of money is converted into points using a special formula, which, when going on vacation, are summed up and then multiplied by the cost of the IPC (the value is indexed annually).

According to the reform of pension legislation in 2018, the age for retirement will not change - previously adopted standards will remain unchanged. Other indicators that affect the amount of allowance will undergo changes:

	Requirement for insurance experience	Minimum IPC amount	Maximum annual score
			When forming an insurance pension	When forming an insurance and funded pension

Who is entitled to early retirement?

Back in 1932, the age was determined according to which a person had the right to leave work and retire. Since that time, nothing has changed, if you do not take into account the methodology for calculating payments to older people. At the same time, special attention is paid to people who work in difficult conditions or are exposed to excessive physical stress. Some work involves contact with harmful or dangerous substances. In addition to the additional payment for harmfulness to their salary, they have the right to go on vacation earlier.

Social categories of citizens

Today, the groups of the population that have the right to retire early in 2018 are legally defined, and in this case, not their work experience, but their social status in society is taken into account:

• mothers of many children;
• guardians or one of the parents of disabled children or people with disabilities since childhood;
• some categories of unemployed;
• representatives of small indigenous peoples of the Far North engaged in subsistence farming;
• midgets;
• disproportionate dwarfs;
• visually impaired people assigned group 1;
• persons who became disabled after receiving a military injury;
• mothers of 2 or more children who worked in the Far North.

In case of staff reduction or liquidation of the enterprise

Citizens of pre-retirement age who have been laid off have the right to claim benefits earlier. An important aspect in this regard is the age of the citizen. He must have less than 2 years left before the date of his right to retire. Women are allowed to retire at 53, while men are allowed to retire on their 58th birthday.

In addition to age restrictions, other requirements must be met:

• The reason for dismissal must be a reduction in the number of personnel at the enterprise or its complete liquidation.
• Availability of 20 years of work experience for women and 25 years of work experience for men (for some categories of citizens there may be other preferential conditions).
• A person who has been laid off must be listed as unemployed, registered with the Employment Service, and there should be no vacancies on the exchange itself that would suit the person in accordance with his specialty or qualifications.

You may lose the right to assign early payment if the employee:

• Twice he refused employment in the professions that suited him.
• Has offenses that caused the termination or reduction of payments.

Workers of preferential professions

The list of preferential specialties is an approved list of professions that are entitled to certain preferences. The basis for their compilation is the level of exposure to the body of harmful factors that arise during the production process. List No. 1 and List No. 2 are distinguished. They were approved in 1991 by Resolution No. 10 of the USSR Cabinet of Ministers to determine the professions of people who have the right to go on vacation early.

The procedure for applying the Lists at the present stage is established by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 665 (07/16/2014), in accordance with the provisions of Article 30 of Law No. 400-FZ. According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, citizens whose work activity falls under these conditions have the right to additional leave, shortened working hours and other privileges. For the average citizen, it is difficult to understand what the difference is between them, since the professions in them are repeated. The difference lies in the degree of harmful influence of production factors on the human body:

• List No. 1 – especially dangerous and difficult conditions;
• List No. 2 – harmful and difficult conditions (less hazardous to health compared to List No. 1).

In short, both lists give a citizen the right to preferential social and pension benefits. Among the professions and positions, the following should be highlighted:

• nuclear energy workers;
• chemical industry workers;
• geological prospectors, search engines;
• miners;
• persons working in underground structures;
• flight crews and civil aviation workers;
• persons employed in road transport;
• military personnel;
• workers with radioactive substances;
• women who worked at high intensity or operated heavy machinery;
• persons who worked in workshops with elevated temperatures;
• doctors and other medical personnel;
• metallurgical workers;
• railway transport workers;
• teachers;
• persons with particularly difficult working conditions;
• aviation industry workers;
• public transport drivers;
• workers of sea and river vessels;
• correctional officers;
• reindeer herders;
• emergency services workers;
• creative and theatrical figures.

Early retirement in 2018

Some categories of citizens who do not belong to the Lists with dangerous and harmful working conditions can also receive early old-age payments in 2018. It is important to distinguish between early retirement and the opportunity to receive social benefits. If for the first it is mandatory to have a certain insurance and work experience, then a social pension can be assigned even when a person has never worked. At the same time, social benefits have an amount approved by the government, while the amount of payments depends on the length of service.

For mothers of many children

For those women who have raised five or more children under the age of 8, the state offers the opportunity to retire earlier than expected. To do this, you must reach 50 years of age and have 15 years of work experience at your official place of work. Those women who do not meet the above criteria are only awarded a social pension.

The only exceptions are representatives of the fair sex who gave birth to two or more children, but worked in the North. To retire, they must reach their 50th birthday. Their total length of service under the employment contract must be at least 20 years, and 12 of them they had to work in the Far North or 17 in areas equivalent to such territories.

Disabled people and their guardians

The state tries in every possible way to help people with disabilities, but does not forget about those citizens who look after them. If a family has a disabled child or has been disabled since childhood, one of the parents has the right to early retirement in 2018, but subject to two conditions:

• reaching 55 years of age and having 20 years of service for men;
• reaching 50 years of age and 15 years of service for women.

Citizens who are guardians of a disabled child under 8 years old also have preferences on an equal basis with legal parents. Every 18 months of inspection for an incapacitated child gives them the right to go on vacation one year earlier than the due date. There are restrictions so guardians cannot leave earlier than five years before the due date. An additional condition is that they must be officially employed, and the minimum insurance period for men is limited to 20 years, and for women 15.

Unemployed after dismissal

During the first two months after dismissal, a person receives an average monthly salary according to his last place of employment. If he does not find a job, he has the right to register with the employment center and receive unemployment benefits. When a man has reached 58 years of age and a woman has reached 53 years of age, representatives of the labor exchange can send an offer to apply for old-age benefits if the person has the necessary work experience. Registration of early pension in 2018 occurs only with the consent of the unemployed and is compensated from budget money.

For health

When assigned 1, 2 or 3 groups of disability or health problems, a person has the right to receive pension payments. When registering benefits, the time of onset of disability and its causes are not taken into account. It does not take into account whether the disabled person is currently working or not. The only condition that is necessary for the assignment of a labor pension is the presence of an insurance period, and its duration does not matter. This means that even one working day will be enough for a person with disabilities if a deduction was made from the salary to the Pension Fund.

In addition to the early disability pension in 2018, a monthly fixed supplement is due, the amount of which depends on the category of disability and the regional coefficient (the indicator is determined in each subject of the Russian Federation separately). When submitting an application for registration of benefits, it is necessary to provide a conclusion from a medical and social examination, and the next re-examination should be carried out annually for disabled people of groups 2 and 3 and once every 2 years for disabled people of the first category.

Tables of preferential length of service

Provided that a person’s work activity is associated with dangerous, harmful or difficult working conditions that belong to List 1 and List 2, he may qualify for early retirement. He needs to work at least half the time required to retire according to these lists. In order to take advantage of this prerogative, you must additionally have the required amount of pension points and a certain insurance period. The generally established retirement age is reduced in proportion to the length of service available.

Retirement age for persons who worked in hazardous conditions

Payments in 2018 according to List No. 1 may be assigned before the age required by law. Reducing the retirement age for men working in particularly hazardous conditions is determined according to the table below:

For women:

Calculation for employees according to List 2

According to official information provided on the Pension Fund of Russia website, people working in hazardous and difficult working conditions, which belong to List No. 2, also have the right to premature retirement. Early pension in 2018 for men will be accrued according to List 2:

For women:

Reducing the retirement age for workers in the Far North and equivalent areas

In 2018, citizens who worked in the Far North or areas that are legally equivalent to them have the right to retire early. The duration of the required working period depends on natural and climatic conditions. For those who worked in the most extreme regions of the north, fewer years of employment are required than for citizens who worked in an area equated to the RKS.

To receive the so-called “northern pension”, certain conditions must be met:

Early payment can be made with a reduction in the retirement age in proportion to the length of service, but this requires working for at least 7 and a half years in the Far North. For every 12 months of employment in the RKS, the retirement age is reduced by 4 months:

Experience, years	Age, number of years and months
15 or more

How to retire early

There are no plans to increase the retirement age in 2018, although discussions about this arise from time to time. This should be expected in the near future, especially since the increase in the age for retirement has already affected civil servants and every year they get another six months. An additional catalyst is the economic crisis, the consequences of which have not yet been eliminated.

Early pension in 2018 is assigned only in rubles to any person, regardless of gender, age and period of work. In this way, the state provides support to citizens who, for whatever reason, cannot continue to work. To receive an insurance pension benefit, you need to fulfill many conditions, which have already been mentioned above.

When and where to contact

In order for the allowance in 2018 to be assigned on time, the procedure should be taken up in advance, especially since the initiative must come from the citizen himself. To do this, you need to contact one of the authorities:

• local branch of the Pension Fund;
• Multifunctional Center;
• HR department at the last place of work.

At the initial stage, you should contact a specialist from the chosen body for advice. He will tell you what documents need to be prepared. It is recommended to do this six months before going on vacation to avoid delays in the assignment of pension payments. The application itself must be submitted at least a month before the date of the right to receive benefits.

Statement

Russian legislation establishes an official application form for the assignment of pension benefits. It can be downloaded from the official website of the Pension Fund or obtained from the Pension Fund branch or MFC. Only the future pensioner himself has the right to fill out the application. This can also be done by a legal representative, but he must have a valid notarized power of attorney. If desired, you can submit an application through the user’s personal account on the Internet portal of the Pension Fund.

Corrections and crossing outs are not allowed when filling out - this may become a reason for refusing to accept the documents. Since the application form has a prescribed form, you will need to indicate:

• Name of the territorial branch of the Pension Fund.
• Last name, first name and patronymic (if any) of the person who applies for benefits.
• SNILS.
• Citizenship. If a person is a national of another state, it is necessary to indicate “Foreign citizen”.
• Place of residence, registration and contact telephone number.
• The name of the identity document, its number, series, by whom and when it was issued.
• If the application is submitted by a legal representative, indicate all similar information about him.
• Indicate whether the person is currently employed or not.
• If there are dependents, indicate their number.
• Indicate the type of pension benefit that the citizen is counting on.
• If a person previously received pension payments, this fact must be indicated.
• List the documents that are attached to the application.
• Put the date, signature and its explanation.

List of general documents

In addition to a correctly completed application, in order to be considered for receiving pension payments, you must provide documents confirming your eligibility. The main ones you will need are:

• passport (for citizens of the Russian Federation);
• Residence permit (for foreigners);
• SNILS;
• documents confirming the presence of the required experience;
• certificate of monthly salary for any 60-month consecutive period preceding January 1, 2002. Information on average monthly salary for 2000–2001, which was submitted by former employers or from the information systems of the Pension Fund of Russia, may be considered.

The above list is not exhaustive, since each application is considered individually. For this reason, it may be necessary to provide evidence of additional circumstances that have arisen. A citizen can submit the collected package of documents in several ways:

• In person when visiting a PFR branch in the region or MFC.
• Via postal service. For this purpose, the papers are sent by registered mail with a list of available attachments.
• Through a legal representative. In this case, a notarized power of attorney is required.

List of documents for confirmation of benefits

Early pension in 2018 is granted only upon presentation of documents confirming the right to receive it:

• pensioner's ID;
• certificate of presence of dependents;
• address certificate;
• children's birth certificates;
• confirmation of guardianship (adoption);
• certificate of family composition;
• documentary evidence of work according to List 1 or 2 or labor activity in the RKS or equivalent territories (work book, certificates, personal cards from the personnel department, extracts, etc.).

Deadlines for consideration and appointment of early payment

The legislation allows 10 days to consider the application and make a decision. The countdown starts from the moment the documents are submitted. In case of refusal, Pension Fund employees are obliged to notify the citizen about this within five days. If for some reason a person was unable to provide all the necessary papers, he is given three months to correct this situation. Provided that during this period the documentation was submitted, the assignment of pension benefits is counted from the day the documents were submitted or according to the postmark on the envelope if the papers were sent by mail.

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Monthly receipt of funds for personal maintenance is issued upon reaching a certain age and completing the work experience. However, there are some exceptions; in particular, the right to early retirement. What categories of citizens have the opportunity to receive early cash payments? How to retire early? All these questions will be answered in detail in the article.

general characteristics

Unfortunately, not all citizens have sufficient legal culture. That is why many workers are not aware of some of the nuances of the current legislation regulating the right to early retirement. All benefits, rights, additional payments and many other important legal elements are enshrined, first of all, in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. But in addition to it, it is also worth highlighting a large number of Government decrees and regulations (in particular, the Federal Law on assessing working conditions). All presented regulations regulate the following concept.

Early retirement (Article 27 of the Federal Russian Federation) is a direct connection with the professional activity of a particular person, carried out under specific production conditions or stipulated by certain social norms.

Thus, a person who carries out his labor activity in production with unusual working conditions has the right not only to various types of benefits, but also to early payments. Moreover, the profession must be truly “harmful”: the full list of difficult jobs was approved by the Council of Ministers of the USSR, but has remained virtually unchanged to this day. Who retires early? This will be discussed further below.

Early old age pension: who is entitled?

An early pension is the option of receiving monthly payments, in which the permitted age will not reach more than 2 years later. Persons who are in a Russian employment center as unemployed, as well as those who have appropriate work experience (20 years for females and 25 years for males), can apply for such a pension. Accordingly, early pensions in the Russian Federation are issued only to those persons who meet the above criteria.

The presence of harmful or difficult working conditions in work invariably entails the possibility of receiving an early pension. Harmful working conditions are considered to be physical or psychological stress, and more recently, work in the Far North. Russian legislation establishes the possibility of obtaining so-called shortened work experience. It is thanks to him that it will be possible to receive early pension payments.

It is also worth noting that the worker has any serious illnesses. If continuing to work is impossible due to health reasons, then early retirement can be issued only if a special medical report is provided to the employment center.

List of hazardous professions

If an employee carries out his labor activity in a job with harmful characteristics of work, then the possibility of early retirement increases significantly. Which professions fall under the category of “harmful”? Since Soviet times, a classification has been preserved that allows one to accurately determine the degree of severity of labor. Thus, there are four levels of professional activity:

The issuance of each such degree is possible only if attention is paid to the following points:

• increased dust content in the air, the presence of dirt;
• poor quality lighting;
• loud noises;
• harmful radiation;
• working with harmful microorganisms, viruses, bacteria, chemicals, etc.;
• increased vibrations;
• high level of humidity;
• air temperature is too low or too high;
• duration of stress in work activity and much more.

From all the presented criteria comes another classification: list 1 - these are professions with a critical degree of harm, and list 2 - certain types of heavy professions and positions. Both of these lists can be easily found on the official website of the Ministry of Labor.

Categories of citizens

Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 400 contains more than 20 points, which indicate both the conditions for early retirement and some professions in which one can qualify for early retirement. What exactly is worth highlighting here? Here are some of the specialties specified in the law:

• railway workers;
• search engines and geological prospectors;
• miners;
• public transport drivers;
• workers of river and sea vessels;
• aviation workers;
• rescue workers;
• persons working underground (miners, metro workers, etc.);
• workers in the field of execution of punishments (prison workers);
• teachers;
• community health workers;
• theater workers and some other workers.

Among other things, special categories of citizens are distinguished here:

• (raising more than five children);
• visually impaired;
• persons injured as a result of hostilities;
• dwarfs and midgets;
• workers of the Far North.

All of the above persons can receive an early pension. At what age is retirement possible? This will be discussed further below.

Conditions for early retirement

How to apply early First, you should pay attention to the following conditions:

If the appropriate conditions are met, it is worth paying attention to the contents of the so-called lists 1 and 2, mentioned above. Thus, a woman belonging to list 1 has the right to a pension upon reaching 53 years of age, with a total working experience of 15 years. The duration of work in hazardous production should not be less than seven years. In accordance with List 2, a woman can apply for a pension from the age of 45. The working experience should not be less than 20 years.

What do the lists say about male workers? In accordance with List 1, a man who has reached 50 years of age can apply for a pension after accumulating 20 years of service. List 2 sets the minimum age of a worker at 55 years and 25 years of work experience (12 in hazardous conditions).

Thus, it can not be issued by all persons, but only by those who meet the above criteria.

Early pension in the Russian Federation: registration procedure

What actions need to be taken to receive early pension payments? First, you should contact your local Employment Center with a corresponding application. They will give you a document that you need to fill out. The authority will definitely help you prepare the paper in a high-quality manner. Within a month, the Employment Center will provide the citizen with a response - with consent to carry out further work or with a justified refusal.

What do you need to provide to the Employment Center in addition to the application? As a rule, these should be the following documents:

• passport and its photocopy;
• military ID;
• child’s birth certificate (if the employee has children);
• original and copy of work book.

The Employment Center may also request the following documents:

• certificate of dependents;
• address statement (about place of residence);
• disability certificate;
• certificate of upbringing of a child under eight years of age;
• document on family composition;
• certificate or certificates of guardianship.

The authority may request many other certificates - for example, individual documents from work. It is very important to fill out all the papers correctly and correctly, check for the presence of seals and signatures.

Citizen's rights

The question of how to retire early is regulated by many Russian federal laws. What rights does a citizen who plans to retire early have?

A citizen is able to demand from his employer all the necessary documentation necessary for transfer to the employment center or the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. Moreover, the employer of the enterprise must confirm the preferential length of service of the employee. If the employer for some reason does not do this, then such a task is assigned to the relevant government body.

As soon as the employee receives a pension insurance certificate, all information about his “movements” will be taken into account by the Russian Pension Fund.

It is also worth citing the classic formula for calculating early retirement:

SP = PK*S*K+FV*K

• FV - basic payment;
• C - the cost of one coefficient at the time of registration of a pension;
• PC is the total amount of pension type coefficients earned;
• K - increasing indices to PV.

All persons who have correctly completed the necessary papers at the Employment Center and the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation retain the right to receive an early retirement pension.

Reductions or liquidation of the enterprise

It is far from uncommon for situations when an employee of pre-retirement age suddenly loses his job. The reason for dismissal may be in the organization, the elimination of jobs and much more. Naturally, almost no organization expresses a desire to hire a person who has very little time left before retirement. The situation, I must say, is very uncomfortable, and often completely hopeless. Still, the citizen wants to “finish off” his work experience, but there are no opportunities for this. What to do in such situations? This is where you should ask yourself the question of how to retire early. The first thing to do is to compare your indicators with those required for early payments, compare past working conditions with the required “harmfulness”. At what age do people retire early? As already mentioned, men must not be less than 58 years old, and women must not be less than 53 years old. The following conditions must also be met:

• dismissal from work was based only on the reason of staff reduction or liquidation of a workplace (one’s own desire and medical indicators are not taken into account);
• having a certain length of service (25 years for men and 20 years for women);
• the citizen is a member of the employment service;
• There are no suitable vacancies on the labor exchange.

If citizens have committed offenses that resulted in the termination of social benefits, then they should not expect early retirement.

Can they refuse?

Quite often, the Employment Center or the Pension Fund of Russia refuses citizens to apply for an early pension. As a result, applicants have to go to the courts and resolve cases there. Naturally, such examples illustrate the unsatisfactory level of state protection of citizens' rights to receive pensions. And yet it is worth citing the main reasons for refusing early retirement. Here you need to highlight:

What should be done if the above authorities received a refusal? How to retire early no matter what? There is only one way out - to contact higher authorities. A complaint is filed with the same Pension Fund; All necessary documents must be attached to it. The complaint will be considered within a month. If the refusal comes again, then there is only one way out: to go to the courts of general jurisdiction. You will need to file a filing to contest the refusal.

Features of registration of a pension

For both employed and unemployed citizens, certain features of registering a pension are provided. A working citizen should remember the following:

• the employer is obliged to pay severance pay for a two-month period;
• payments from a previous job will stop if a citizen registers as unemployed.

Unemployed citizens should remember that full work experience makes it possible to receive subsidies. Moreover, each year worked beyond the total length of service gives the right to an extension of state support for two weeks. If a citizen becomes an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity, then the receipt of early pensions ceases until the closure of this status.